Iron ore to finished steel — and the margin captured
LIVE · STEEL MANUFACTURING FLOWS LEFT → RIGHT
The Iron-Ore to Steel as Marketable Products — End to End
Where the steel plays — discovery to commercial supply
Iron Ore ——→ Steel core
1
Iron Ore Mining
Extracting iron ore (the primary raw material for steel) from the earth.
2
Ore Beneficiation
Processing mined ore to increase iron content and remove impurities.
3
Pelletizing / Sintering
Agglomerating fine iron ore into pellets or sinter for iron-making furnaces.
4
Iron Making
Converting ore into sponge iron (direct-reduced iron) or pig iron.
5
Steel Melting & Casting
Turning sponge iron, pig iron or scrap into molten steel, then casting.
6
Rolling & Finishing
Hot- or cold-rolling cast steel into bars, wires, beams, coils and sheets.
Value / Margin captured
Value concentrates at the two ends— ore access upstream & finished, branded product downstream — while the mid-chain conversion steps capture the thinnest margin.
Key facts — steel manufacturing
Blast Furnace Temp
1,600°C
Temperature of molten pig iron as it exits the blast furnace.
Iron Content (Ore)
60–65%
Target Fe grade after beneficiation — what the furnace actually sees.
Steel in Concrete
~100 kg/m³
Typical reinforcement in an RCC structure — the link between both journeys.
Recycled Content
Up to 70%
EAF (electric arc furnace) steel can be made almost entirely from scrap.
TMT Bar Grades
Fe 415–550
Higher the Fe number, higher the yield strength — choose based on seismic zone.
Global Production
1.9 Bn t/yr
Steel is the world's most recycled material and most used structural metal.
